Excerpt from Color-Names, Color-Blindness, and the Education of the Color-Sense in Our Schools
Investigation of a railroad accident in Sweden, supposed to be due to color-blindness, led Dr. F. Holmgren, professor of physiology in the University of Upsala, to the belief that the defect must be ftc quent, and hence dangerous on both land and sea. Difficulty arose as to any certain method of detecting it quickly. The absence of any such method has been the especial reason why the defect has hitherto escaped observation. Using the theory of young-helmholtz, and applying a test suggested by Seebeck, he finally brought out his now well-known method with the colored worsteds. By this, and the imitations of it devised here and there, large numbers of persons have been examined all over the world, including both sexes, all colors, ages, and degrees of civilizations, etc. It is a curious fact, that till the expert could test quickly and accurately, the existence of color blindness to the extent now proved remained unknown. It is now admitted that four per cent. Of males are more or less color-blind, and in females not over one-fourth of one per cent. Are thus affected. My own tests, up to the time of writing this, are of males 801 were color-blind, whilst I found but 1 1 females among defect ive in their chromatic sense.
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